Can you wash it at a regular car wash? Is it safe to charge an electric car in the rain or snow? These and many other questions are on the minds of both future owners and new electric car drivers.
Let’s explore the nuances of operating an electric vehicle (EV).
Maintenance Schedule for Electric Cars
The maintenance schedule and intervals for electric cars are specified in the vehicle’s manual and the manufacturer’s technical documentation. However, there are general recommendations that are good to know before purchasing an EV.
Some believe that electric cars don’t require maintenance or only need it once every 60,000 km. This is not true. While the cost of maintenance for an EV is significantly lower than for a combustion engine vehicle, regular servicing is essential. Diagnostics provide a complete picture of the condition of the EV’s major components. Typically, scheduled maintenance is tied to mileage. For the first service (which can be every 10,000 km or 20,000 km, depending on the model), a service technician will inspect, clean, and adjust components, replace air conditioning filters, and check the cooling system hoses for leaks or damage (with special attention to heating inlet and outlet hoses). Regular maintenance for EVs should be performed every 12 months.
Service centers use diagnostic equipment to check for battery cell imbalances, the capacity of the 12V battery, and any error codes in the EV’s system.
Inspect your EV at least once a month. Pay attention to the coolant level, brake fluid level, tire pressure, and windshield washer fluid level.
While driving, monitor the condition of the drivetrain, braking system, and any unusual noises. Any abnormalities are a reason to visit a service center.
Software Updates and Electronics Checks
Depending on the EV model, software updates may occur automatically or require a visit to a service center. We don’t recommend updating the software yourself. It’s better to find a specialized service center with expertise, professional equipment, and up-to-date firmware. Manufacturers continuously refine and update EV software to improve driving performance, energy efficiency, and user convenience. Following the updates is as easy as hitting the jackpot at slotsgem live games, as they are usually published in open sources, and owners are notified via SMS, the dealer network.
Tires for Electric Cars
EVs are equipped with the same tires as other vehicles. For safe use, ensure you have season-appropriate tires (winter or summer) and regularly check their condition (tread depth, damage, etc.) and balance.
There’s a belief that “green” tires designed specifically for EVs exist. Opinions among EV owners are divided: some see no significant difference, while others claim that “green” tires reduce energy consumption, increase range, reduce noise, improve acceleration, and enhance handling in adverse weather conditions. Regardless of your opinion, tire wear is critical for EVs due to their heavier weight. Using low-quality tires or those with worn treads can lead to loss of control and safety risks.
Importance of Brake System Maintenance
The braking system is critical for the safety of the driver and passengers. EVs use regenerative braking, which converts energy from braking into electricity. However, traditional brakes are still present, meaning brake pads and fluid are required. The traditional braking system is only used during emergency stops or when the battery is charged above 80%. The lifespan of brake pads depends on driving style and conditions, but they typically last 30-40% longer than those in combustion engine vehicles due to regenerative braking.
Other potential issues with EV braking systems include:
- Rust on brake discs. Manufacturers now use aluminum components to address this.
- Ensuring the system’s functionality. Regular inspections by the owner and at service centers are crucial. Unusual noises, slow braking, or dashboard warnings are reasons for an immediate check.
Precautions for Charging Port Maintenance
- Avoid forcing the charging port cover open or closed to prevent damage.
- If the cover doesn’t open via the mobile app or dashboard button, hold the button for 3 seconds. If the issue persists, contact a service center.
- In icy conditions, move the EV to a warm area to thaw the charging port.
- Before charging, always check the port for debris, sand, dust, or moisture. A tightly sealed port minimizes the risk of foreign objects entering.
There are no restrictions on using full-service car washes for EVs. Manufacturers ensure proper waterproofing.
Don’t modify your EV’s charging port. Such changes often cause more problems than benefits, from inability to charge at public stations to disrupting the EV’s core functionality.
Extending the Lifespan of an EV’s High-Voltage Battery
Modern EV batteries are designed to last 8-10 years or 160,000 to 800,000 km. Toyota, for example, promises up to 1 million km and 15 years for its latest models, but only with official dealer servicing. Some brands offer lifetime warranties, but always read the fine print—these are often marketing tactics.
To extend battery life, store your EV in a heated or ventilated garage during winter and follow the manufacturer’s guidelines.
Besides the main battery, EVs have a standard 12V “starter battery” that powers the high-voltage system. Regular checks and replacements are part of EV maintenance. Never attempt to “shock” recharge a depleted 12V battery while connected to the EV.
EV maintenance and repair involve high-voltage risks. Always verify that service centers are certified and staffed with qualified technicians. DIY repairs without proper knowledge can pose serious health and safety risks.
Washing and Cleaning an EV
In 2018, 42% of UK residents believed EVs couldn’t be washed at regular car washes. However, water at car washes is safe for EVs. Modern EVs are equipped with waterproofing to protect electrical components. Regularly inspect the underside of the vehicle for cracks or damage that could allow liquids to reach the battery or motor.
When visiting a car wash, don’t neglect the interior. Avoid accumulating dust and dirt, and prevent liquids from spilling on the multimedia display.
Charging an EV in Rain or Snow
The owner’s manual provides guidelines for charging in winter and rainy conditions. Modern charging stations are designed to ensure safety even in wet weather. A functional charging cable, for example, won’t harm anyone if it falls into a puddle. Charging only begins after the station receives a signal from the EV. Charging a modern, functional EV at a modern, functional station is safe in rain, snow, or frost.
However, charging at home from a standard outlet carries risks of short circuits or electric shocks in wet conditions.
Best Practices for Charging
“Slow” charging is generally better for the battery than “fast” charging. Manufacturers recommend using slow charging more frequently and reserving fast charging for occasional use. Modern batteries have mechanisms to regulate charging speed and extend lifespan.
Driving in Adverse Weather (Fog, Rain, Floods)
Should you avoid driving your EV in rain or floods? While sunny weather is ideal for walking or cycling, bad weather calls for the comfort of a warm, dry car. Modern, well-maintained EVs are designed for use in rain, snow, or fog. However, avoid prolonged exposure to deep puddles or flooded areas, as waterproofing has limits. Extended submersion can flood the battery, void warranties, and lead to costly repairs, especially if the battery casing is damaged.
Protecting Your EV from the Sun
Sunlight is harmful to most car parts, whether made of plastic or metal, as well as to paintwork. Over time, excessive sunlight and high temperatures cause plastic and coatings to become brittle and fade. Driving in an overheated car is also uncomfortable. EVs are no exception.
Avoid parking your EV in direct sunlight, especially in temperatures above 35°C. While EVs have reliable battery cooling systems, cooling consumes energy, reducing range. At temperatures above 38°C, most EVs experience a 31% reduction in range. Interestingly, using the air conditioner in hot weather has a lesser impact on range.
To extend your EV’s lifespan and range, avoid leaving it in direct sunlight during hot months and refrain from charging during peak heat hours at unprotected charging stations.
